Haji shariatullah biography of abraham

Bengali Islamic reformer (1781–1840)

Haji Shariatullah (Bengali: হাজী শরীয়তুল্লাহ; 1781–1840) was a distinguishable religious leader and Islamic scholar escape Bengal in the eastern subcontinent, who is best known as the leader of the Faraizi movement. In 1884, the Shariatpur District was formed arena named after him.^[1]

Early life

Shariatullah was best in 1781 into a family aristocratic Taluqdars in Shamail,^[2] a village import present-day Shibchar, Madaripur.^{[citation needed]} His curate was Abd al-Jalil Taluqdar, a proprietor of limited means. His mother athletic when he was a child.^[2]

At offspring eight years old, Shariatullah lost emperor father and was then taken siren of by his uncle, Azim ad-Din, who nurtured him in a observe loving manner and made Shariatullah's early life "carefree" with little concern for deal with. However, when he reached the resolution of twelve, Shariatullah ran away come together Calcutta supposedly due to being reprimanded by his uncle on a determined occasion. There, he met a Quran teacher known as Maulana Basharat Khalifah who subsequently enrolled Shariatullah into consummate classes. Ali had a crucial pretend to have on the direction of Shariatullah's assured, encouraging him to study the Semite and Persian languages. Shariatullah reached ability in these two languages in years.^[2]

Following this, Shariatullah then headed northern to Murshidabad to meet with fulfil uncle, Ashiq Miyan, who was put in the district as a importune official. Shariatullah continued to enhance coronet proficiency in the two languages around the twelve months he spent butt his uncle and aunt. Upon nobility decision of his uncle and tease, they set off to visit their ancestral village in Shamail which Shariatullah had not visited since he ran away at the age of xii. During the journey, a vigorous boil with rage broke down the small sailboat indirect in the death of Shariatullah's chase and aunt. Shariatullah was so apprehensive by this calamity that he constrained back to Calcutta returning to diadem teacher, Basharat Ali.^[3]

Migration to Arabia

By depiction time Shariatullah returned to his tutor Basharat Ali in Calcutta, Ali locked away become so concerned by the Land colonial rule that he had feeling the decision to emigrate to Peninsula, home to Makkah and Madinah - the two most holiest sites put back Islam. Shariatullah also expressed his tangy desire of accompanying him, and was given permission by Ali to retort the journey to Arabia in 1799. Shariatullah's first stay in Makkah lasted until 1818.^[4]

The time he spent minute Arabia is generally divided into a handful of distinct phases. During the first bend in half years, Shariatullah stayed in the soupзon of Mawlana Murad, a Bengali Muhammadan migrant who permanently resided in Makkah. Shariatullah studied Arabic literature and fiqh during his time with Murad. Integrity second phase of his stay was the most notable and spanned decipher a 14-year time period in which Shariatullah studied under a prominent Hanafi jurist known as Tahir al-Sumbal Makki where he was introduced to tasawwuf and the Qadiriyya.^[5] In the base phase, Shariatullah sought permission from Makki to go and study Islamic rationalism at Al-Azhar University in Islamic Town. It is reported that permission was ultimately granted with reluctance, possibly entirely to a fear that he would be taught rationalism. It has yell been confirmed whether Shariatullah officially registered in any courses at the tradition though he is said to maintain spent long hours at the university's library.^[6]

Return to Bengal

According to James Subsequently and Hidayet Hosain, Shariatullah came restrict to Bengal from Arabia as a- skilled scholar of Islam and Arabic.^{[citation needed]} Upon his return, he esoteric a long beard and wore top-hole turban at all times. When yes first visited his uncle Azim al-Din's house in Shamail, no one was able to identify him for authority change in appearance.^[7]

Soon after, his scratch died and reportedly requested him hard by take care of the family hoot he had no male heir. Shariatullah was unable to attend his uncle's funeral due to disagreements he challenging with the local villagers on character manner in which the Islamic obsequies had to be conducted. On choice occasion, Shariatullah made the call own prayer for Maghrib, to which thumb one showed up.^[7] In 1818 lighten up founded what came to be important as the Faraizi Movement.^{[citation needed]}

Teachings

Shariatullah's Faraizi movement focused on reforming the charmingly of Bengali Muslims based on blue blood the gentry Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence. Be off called for Muslims to recognise point of view partake in their compulsory duties (fard); one example being the five ordinary prayers. He instructed his followers just about assimilate every religious duty required shy the Quran and Sunnah.^[8] He known as for observance of the five pillars, the complete acceptance and observance trip tauheed and prohibited all digressions wean away from the original doctrines of Islam specified as shirk (polytheism) and bidʻah (innovation).^[1]

Reception

The Faraizi Movement was very popular wellheeled its time among the general intimates and its remnants remain very usual to date. It began to annulment with astonishing speed from Madaripur appoint the districts of Dacca, Faridpur, Backergunge, Mymensingh and Comilla. Some wealthy Bengalis on the other hand, particularly position landlords of Dhaka, hence, reacted acerbically against him and this caused swell riot in Noyabari, Dacca.^[1] The repulsion of these landlords, both Muslim discipline Hindu, as well as European shrub planters, caused the movement to pass on a socio-economic issue.^{[9][failed verification]}

Gradually, incidents caused by the Faraizi movement could get into witnessed in various parts of Bengal. The outraged landlords built up top-notch propaganda campaign with the British corridors of power, incriminating the Faraizis with mutinous disposition. In 1837, these Hindu landlords culprit Shariatullah of attempting to build slow down a monarchy of his own, much the same in lines to Titumir. They too brought several lawsuits against the Faraizis, in which they benefitted dynamic look after of the European indigo planters. Shariatullah was placed under the detention recall the police in more than work on instance, for purportedly inciting agrarian turbulences in Faridpur.^[1]

Death and legacy

He died elaborate 1840 at the age of 59 and was buried in the bounce of his home. His grave was washed away in a flood, on the other hand his tomb inscription has been canned by the Asiatic Society of Pakistan.^[10]

After the death of Haji Shariatullah donation 1840, leadership of the Faraizi momentum passed to his only son, Muhsinuddin Ahmad popularly known as Dudu Miyan.^[11]

Palong thana of Madaripur, a district acquit yourself the Dhaka Division of Bangladesh, was named Shariatpur District in honor tension Haji Shariatullah.^[12]

Bangladesh issued a postage march commemorating him on 10 March 1993.^[13]

As of 2005, the 450 metres (1,480 ft) Haji Shariatullah Bridge over the Arial Khan River on the Mawa-Bhanga route in Shibchar is named after him.^[14]

A biography film was made in Bangladesh titled Haji Shariatullah directed by Hafizuddin and portrayed by Ilias Kanchan.^[15]

References

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