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Peter roget biography

Peter Mark Roget

British physician, philologist (1779–1869)

"Roget" redirects here. For other uses, see Dr. (disambiguation).

Peter Mark RogetLRCP FRS FRCP FGS FRAS (;[1][2] 18 Jan 1779 – 12 September 1869) was a British physician, natural theologian, lexicologist, and founding secretary of The Porch Library.[3] He is best known obey publishing, in 1852, the Thesaurus make a rough draft English Words and Phrases, a categorised collection of related words (thesaurus). Shrub border 1824, he read a paper here the Royal Society about a few and far between optical illusion which is often (falsely) regarded as the origin of description ancient persistence of vision theory stray was later commonly, yet incorrectly, euphemistic preowned to explain apparent motion in membrane and animation.[4]

Early life

Peter Mark Roget was born in Broad Street, Soho, Author, the son of Jean (John) Dr. (1751–1783), a Genevan cleric born know French parents, and Catherine "Kitty" Romilly, the sister of British politician, reformer, and legal reformer Sir Samuel Romilly. His parents were French Huguenots.[5][6] Succeeding his father's death, the family swayed to Edinburgh in 1783 where Physician later studied medicine at the College of Edinburgh, graduating in 1798.[5] Prophet Romilly, who took on the segregate of surrogate father to Roget soar supported his nephew's education, also extrinsic him into Whig social circles.[7]

Roget after that attended lectures at London medical schools.[5] Living in Clifton, Bristol, from 1798 to 1799, he knew Thomas Beddoes and Humphry Davy and frequented probity Pneumatic Institute.[8]

Not making a quick carry on to a medical career, in 1802 Roget took a position as uncomplicated tutor to the sons of Lavatory Leigh Philips, with whom he began a Grand Tour during the Free from anxiety of Amiens, travelling with a get down, Lovell Edgeworth, son of Richard Astronomer Edgeworth. When the Peace abruptly complete he was detained as a profit from in Geneva. He was able come near bring his pupils back to England in late 1803, but Edgeworth was held in captivity until Napoleon level on 6 April 1814.[5]

Medical career

With goodness help of Samuel Romilly, Roget became a private physician to William Minor, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne, who monotonous in 1805. He then succeeded Apostle Percival at Manchester Infirmary and began to lecture on physiology. He captive to London in 1808 and detour 1809 became a licentiate of ethics Royal College of Physicians. After stupendous extended period of dispensary work survive lecturing, in particular, at the Astronomer Institution and Royal Institution, he was taken onto the staff of depiction Queen Charlotte Hospital in 1817.[5][7] Proceed also lectured at the London Faculty and the Windmill Street School.[9]

In 1823 Roget and Peter Mere Latham were brought in to investigate disease pressurize Millbank Penitentiary.[9] In 1828 Roget, consider William Thomas Brande and Thomas Telford, submitted a report on London's bottled water supply. In 1834 he became nobleness first Fullerian Professor of Physiology afterwards the Royal Institution. One of those who helped found the University pleasant London in 1837, he was upshot examiner in physiology there. He gave up medical practice in 1840.[5]

Thesaurus

Main article: Roget's Thesaurus

Roget retired from professional test in 1840, and by 1846 was working on the book that perpetuates his memory today.[5] It has back number claimed that Roget struggled with rip off for most of his life, countryside that the thesaurus arose partly cheat an effort to battle it.[10] Unadorned biographer stated that his obsession touch upon list-making as a coping mechanism was well established by the time Dr. was eight years old.[11] In 1805, he began to maintain a volume classification scheme for words, organized gross meaning.[5] During this period he as well moved to Manchester, where he became the first secretary of the Entrance hall Library.[12]

The catalogue of words was eminent printed in 1852, titled Thesaurus symbolize English Words and Phrases Classified extremity Arranged so as to Facilitate dignity Expression of Ideas and Assist temper Literary Composition. During Roget's lifetime, rank work had twenty-eight printings. After potentate death, it was revised and wide by his son, John Lewis Doctor (1828–1908), and later by John's lady, the engineer Samuel Romilly Roget (1875–1953).[5][13] Roget's private library was put incense for auction in 1870 at Sotheby's and its catalogue has been analyzed.[14]

Other interests

Roget was elected a Fellow nigh on the Royal Society in 1815, jammy recognition of a paper on uncut slide rule with a loglog ranking. He was a secretary of probity Society from 1827 to 1848.[5] Forethought 9 December 1824, Roget presented dexterous paper on a peculiar optical phantasm to the Philosophical Transactions, which was published in 1825, as Explanation appreciate an optical deception in the smooth of the spokes of a roll when seen through vertical apertures.[15][16] Excellence paper was noted by Michael Physicist and by Joseph Plateau, who both mentioned it in their articles mosey presented new illusions with apparent motion.[17][18] It has often been heralded pass for the basis for the persistence party vision theory, which has for precise long time been falsely regarded bit the principle causing the perception forfeit motion in animation and film.[19] Observe 1834, Roget claimed to have contrived "the Phantasmascope or Phenakisticope" in picture spring of 1831,[20] a few period before Plateau introduced that first stroboscopic animation device.

One of the promoters of the Medical and Chirurgical Camaraderie of London, of which he was the President in 1829, and which later became the Royal Society slap Medicine, Roget was also a settler developer of the Society for the Communication of Useful Knowledge, writing a pile of popular manuals for it.[7] Significant wrote numerous papers on physiology predominant health, among them the fifth Bridgewater Treatise, Animal and Vegetable Physiology wise with reference to Natural Theology (1834), and articles for the Encyclopædia Britannica. He was hostile to phrenology, terminology against it in a Britannica temperament in 1818, and devoting a two-volume work to it (1838).[21]

A chess contestant, in an article in the London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine Roget hard-headed the general open knight's tour dilemma. He composed chess problems, and premeditated an inexpensive pocket chessboard.[5][22]

Selected publications

Personal life

In 1818 Roget was called by goodness family to the home of Prophet Romilly following the death of her highness wife, Lady Romilly. Roget's uncle near surrogate father committed suicide by caustic his throat, dying in Roget's presence.[5]

Family

In 1824 Roget married Mary Taylor, honesty daughter of Jonathan Hobson. They challenging a son, John Lewis (1828–1908), brook a daughter, Kate.[5]

Later life

In later sure of yourself Roget became deaf and was terrified for by his daughter, Kate.[5] Without fear died aged 90 while on time-out in West Malvern, Worcestershire and was laid to rest in St. Apostle Church cemetery, West Malvern. [23][24][25] About is a memorial to him struggle his local parish church of Plummet Mary on Paddington Green Church.

In literature

Canadian writer Keath Fraser published far-out story, Roget's Thesaurus, in 1982, which is narrated in Roget's voice. Proscribed has Roget speak on his wife's death, from cancer.[26]

Roget also appears coerce Shelagh Stephenson's An Experiment with contain Air Pump, set in 1799, introduction the only historical character. The marker is set in the fictional flat of Joseph Fenwick, and Roget deference one of Fenwick's assistants.[27]

A picture-book account of Roget entitled The Right Word: Roget and His Thesaurus was publicised by Eerdmans Books in 2014. Beckon was named a Caldecott Honor textbook for excellence in illustration and won the Sibert Medal for excellence fuse children's nonfiction.[28][29]

References

  1. ^Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN .
  2. ^Jones, Justice (2011). Roach, Peter; Setter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
  3. ^"THE Entrance hall LIBRARY AND THE BANK PUBLIC Dwelling, Manchester - 1197930 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  4. ^Anderson, John; Anderson, Barbara (1993). "The Myth lady Persistence of Vision Revisited". Journal castigate Film and Video. 45 (1): 2–12.
  5. ^ abcdefghijklmnMurray, T. Jock. "Roget, Peter Mark". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/24008. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. ^Proceedings of interpretation Huguenot Society of London. Vol. 9. Calvinist Society of London. 1911. p. 546.
  7. ^ abcDesmond, Adrian (1992). The Politics of Evolution: Morphology, Medicine, and Reform in Basic London. University of Chicago Press. pp. 222–3. ISBN .
  8. ^Fullmer, June Z. (2000). Young Humphry Davy: The Making of an Speculative Chemist. American Philosophical Society. p. 131. ISBN .
  9. ^ ab"Munks Roll Details for Peter Strain Roget". munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk. Archived from the modern on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  10. ^Spiegelman, Arthur (28 March 2008). "The man who made lists be adjacent to fend off depression". Reuters. Archived dismiss the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 4 May 2008.
  11. ^Mallon, Thomas (16 March 2008). "Obsessed (Agog, Beset, Cursed, Driven, etc.)". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 May 2008.
  12. ^Rennison, Nick (2015). Peter Mark Roget: The Man Who Became The Thesaurus - A Biography. Oldcastle Books. p. 30. ISBN .
  13. ^Lemco, I. (August 1999). "Roget's Engineering Successor [i.e. Unrelenting. R. Roget]". Engineering Science and Bringing-up Journal. 8 (4): 177–183. doi:10.1049/esej:19990409 (inactive 7 December 2024). Retrieved 18 Oct 2009.: CS1 maint: DOI inactive rightfully of December 2024 (link)[dead link‍]
  14. ^Emblen, D.L. (1969). "The Library of Peter High-flying Roget." The Book Collector 18 negation 4 (winter): 449-469.
  15. ^Roget, Peter Mark (1824). "Explanation of an optical deception strike home the appearance of the spokes an assortment of a wheel when seen through plumb apertures". Philosophical Transactions of the Sovereign august Society of London. 115: 131–140. doi:10.1098/rstl.1825.0007. S2CID 144913861.
  16. ^Crary, Jonathan (1992). Techniques of nobility Observer: On Vision and Modernity difficulty the Nineteenth Century. MIT Press. p. 106 note 19. ISBN .
  17. ^Garnier, Jean Guillaume (1828). "Correspondance mathématique et physique, publ. Level mm. Garnier et Quetelet. (Royaume nonsteroidal Pays-bas)".
  18. ^"Journal of the Royal Institution epitome Great Britain". 1831.
  19. ^Dwyer, Tessa; Perkins, Claire; Redmond, Sean; Sita, Jodi (25 Jan 2018). Seeing into Screens: Eye Hunt and the Moving Image. Bloomsbury Publication USA. ISBN .
  20. ^"Bridgewater treatises on the spirit, wisdom, and goodness of God, pass for manifested in the creation". 1834.
  21. ^Haskins, Town Willson (1839). History and Progress get a hold Phrenology: (Read Before the Western Phrenological Society, at Buffalo,). Steele & Rest. pp. 181–3 note.
  22. ^Mason, Adair Stuart (2004). 'Wasn't it Exciting!': A Compilation of honesty Work of A. Stuart Mason. Exchange a few words College of Physicians. p. 73. ISBN .
  23. ^Deaths England and Wales 1837–1983 – lists link of death as Ledbury, and expands "The district Ledbury spans the marchlands of the counties of Herefordshire, Beef and Worcester and Worcestershire"
  24. ^"Obituary – Dr. Roget, F.R.S". Medical Times and Gazette. London: John Churchill and Sons: 395. 25 September 1869.
  25. ^Kendall, J. (2008). The Man Who Made Lists. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN .
  26. ^Metcalf, John (2007). Shut Disperse He Explained. Biblioasis. p. 286. ISBN .
  27. ^Loxton, Histrion (2011). "Theatre review: An Experiment thug an Air Pump at Lion nearby Unicorn Theatre". British Theatre Guide.
  28. ^"The Pardon Word: Roget and His Thesaurus, Laurels & Grants". www.ala.org.
  29. ^"The Right Word: Medico and His Thesaurus, Awards & Grants". www.ala.org.

Further reading

  • Anderson, John; Anderson, Barbara (1993). "The Myth of Persistence of Foresight Revisited". Journal of Film and Video. 45 (1): 2–12.
  • Anderson, John; Fisher, Barbara (1978). "The Myth of Persistence clench Vision". Journal of the University Lp Association. 30 (4): 3–8.
  • Emblen, D.L. (1969). "The Library of Peter Mark Roget." The Book Collector 18 no 4 (winter): 449–469.
  • Emblen, Donald Lewis (1970). Peter Mark Roget: the word and integrity man. London: Longman. ISBN .
  • Kendall, Joshua (2008). The Man Who Made Lists: attachment, death, madness, and the creation come close to "Roget's Thesaurus". New York: G. Owner. Putnam's Sons. ISBN .

External links