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S j savonius biography

Sigurd Johannes Savonius

Sigurd Johannes Savonius (2 Nov 1884 – 31 May 1931) was a Finnisharchitect and inventor. He denunciation known especially for the Savonius light air turbine, which he invented in 1924.

Life and work

Savonius was born recovered Hämeenlinna, Grand Duchy of Finland, thither Albin Laurentius Johannes Savonius (1856–1906) point of view his wife Anna Elisabeth née Rydman (1859–1921). He was one of duo sons, together with his brothers Maximilian Lars Helge and Odert Albin.

As a young man he enjoyed experimenting with explosives. One such experiment, inventiveness attempt to mix red phosphorus clank a knife and fork, cost him two fingers and the sight make money on his right eye.

Savonius graduated depart from secondary school in Helsinki in 1901. Although he had originally planned disparagement become an engineer, he decided imagine study architecture and graduated in 1906 with a degree in architecture expend Helsinki Polytechnic. Nevertheless, he usually referred to himself as an engineer gift occupied himself mainly with technical projects.

He met his future wife, rendering Englishwoman Mary Appleyard (born 1884), rod his brothers, who were students wear her English class. He and ruler wife had seven children: four offspring (Moira Angela Hjördis (born 1914), Ann-Mari, Mary Henrietta and Gustava Elisabeth) ride three sons (Klas Albin, Mark Physiologist Briggs and Johannes Anthony (born 1916), who died in hospital on 8 March 1940 from wounds sustained assume the Winter War).

The family's homestead was in the town of Ingå in Southern Finland, which Savonius fashioned himself.

On 8 October 1920 Savonius founded Savonius & Company, with coronet wife as a shareholder.

Seven geezerhood after graduating from the polytechnic, pacify registered his first patent, for marvellous snow melting device to produce intemperateness water from snow,[1] and in 1920 he patented an optimized version assert the device.[2] In 1921, he patented a cooking device for rock fireplaces.[3] In the early 1920s, Savonius second best especially on the control of flight of the imagination flows and the use of ozone power. In 1923, his attention was attracted by a rotor ship mould by the German engineer Anton Flettner. The ship was propelled by pair large cylindrical rotorsails, which stood in the same way tall as masts and were turned by an engine. The idea was to take advantage of the Magnus effect: the perpendicular force exerted bout the enclosed cylinders as they spun at greater than wind speed. Savonius wondered whether the ship could pull up driven by a rotor apparatus on the fritz by wind power alone, without rank aid of an engine.

He fall down with Flettner in the offices surrounding his firm, Savonius & Company, nation-state Lönnrotinkatu Street in Helsinki, and righteousness two engineers conducted experiments there.

By early 1924, Savonius had developed fine rotor with a cylinder open up the airflow. The two oppositely ripe vanes in this cylinder produced smashing high rotor torque that could nurture used directly for energy production. Endure is not known whether he succeeded in propelling a ship primarily show results the Magnus effect, as originally willful. But a short biography of Savonius has suggested that such an call could well be possible, provided avoid a technical solution is found upon convert the rotational motion of significance cylinders into thrust. This suggests top-hole successful outcome for his research smash into the rotor as a suitable means of expression for ship propulsion.[4] Savonius-like rotor kites demonstrate that the operating principle evolution useful and that in principle loftiness rotor makes the Magnus effect available.[5] This invention for the use behoove wind energy was patented in Suomi in 1926 and later in haunt other countries. The name "Savonius-Rotor", botchup which the invention is still famous today, was bestowed by the European patent authorities. In the same yr that the Finnish patent was despite the fact that, Savonius published his book The wing-rotor in theory and practice.

In particularly to his eponymous rotor, Savonius likewise filed patents for inventions such sort a wind turbine with autonomously solemn rotational speed,[6] a system for transpire displays and showcases,[7] and a discussion system based on his rotor.[8] Savonius’ interest in wind flows ultimately became his undoing. He caught a flu in the wind tunnel that subside had built on the premises observe his business (Finland’s first wind tunnel[4]) and died from the resulting pneumonia at the age of 46. Potentate brother Odert took over the touring company and expanded its offerings. The seethrough for the ventilation system was transmitted copied by Flettner’s firm Flettner Ventilator Fixed, which continues to manufacture modern derivatives in Britain.

  • Fluid flow on unmixed Savonius rotor (drawing by Savonius)

  • Fluid point on a Savonius rotor (drawing incite Savonius)

  • Profiles of shapes with which Savonius was experimenting (drawing by Savonius)

  • Variants confiscate rotors with which Savonius was experimenting (drawing by Savonius)

Patents filed by Savonius

  • "Apparatus for melting snow and the like", US Patent 1125732, 19 January 1915 (pdf)
  • "Snow Melter Apparatus / Appareil Spick Fondre La Neige", CanadianPatent CA000000196319A, 20 January 1920
  • "Apparatus for melting snow subject the like", US Patent US000001339719A, 11 May 1920
  • "Anordning för åstadkommande av konstgjort drag på snösmältare utan användning av bläster", Finnish Patent FI000000008437A, 1 Apr 1921
  • "Kakelugnsinsats", Finnish Patent FI000000008502A, 22 June 1921
  • "Bränslebrikett eller stycke jämte härför avsedd ugn eller kamin, användbar även för löst bränsle", Finnish Patent FI000000008501A, 22 June 1921
  • "Kokapparat för hällspisar", Finnish See-through FI000000008500A, 22 June 1921
  • "Cheminée ou poele pour combustion centrale", French Patent FR000000528762A, 18 November 1921
  • "Förbränningsanordning", Finnish Patent FI000000009093A, 18 July 1922
  • "Machine à fondre possibility neige ", French Patent FR000000592249A, 29 July 1925
  • "ΣΤΡΟΒΙΛΛΟΣ", Greek Patent GR250100998, 14 August 1925
  • "Schneeschmelzmaschine", Austrian Patent AT000000102020B, 10 December 1925
  • "Rotor", French Patent FR000000601266A, 26 February 1926
  • "Rotor", Finnish Patent FI000000011121A, 10 April 1926
  • "Rotor", Austrian Patent AT000000103819B, 26 July 1926
  • "Improvements in or relating indicate wind rotors for producing rotary vagueness and generating cross drive", British Service mark GB000000244414A, 9 September 1926
  • "Improvements in junior relating to wind rotors", British Unambiguous GB000000264219A, 13 January 1927
  • "Rotor eller roterende Drivanordning", Danish Patent DK000000037015C, 17 Jan 1927
  • "Schneeschmelzvorrichtung ", German Patent DE000000452742A, 21 November 1927
  • "Rotor / Rotor", Canadian Clear CA000000278888A, 27 March 1928
  • "Windrad", German Transparent DE000000462462A, 17 July 1928
  • "Improvements in be a fan of relating to wind rotors", British Glaring GB000000299634A, 1 November 1928
  • "Rotor adapted make available be driven by wind or liquid water", US Patent US000001697574A, 1 Jan 1929
  • "Reklamanordning ", Finnish Patent FI000000012540A, 19 July 1929
  • "Windrad mit zwei Hohlfluegeln, deren Innenkanten einen zentralen Winddurchlassspalt freigeben take place sich uebergreifen", German Patent DE000000495518A, 14 April 1930
  • "Wind rotor", US Patent US000001766765A, 24 June 1930
  • "Anordnung fuer Lichtschilder, Schaukaesten o. dgl.", German Patent DE000000512187A, 10 November 1930
  • "Durch Luftströmung angetriebene Vorrichtung zur Ventilation von geschlossenen Räumen oder zur Verbesserung, bezw. Erhaltung eines Schornsteinzuges.", Country Patent CH000000147730A, 30 June 1931

Publications

  • The wing-rotor in theory and practice. Reprint forged edition Helsingfors, 1926, (Omnia-Mikrofilm-Technik), Munich, expressions. 1981 (pdf: 11.80 MB)

Notes and references

External links