Biography ramses

Ramesses II
Reign	1279–1213 BC (19th Dynasty)
Predecessor	Seti I
Successor	Merneptah
Consort	Nefertari, Isetnofret, Maathorneferure, Meritamen, Bintanath, Nebettawy, Henutmire
Children	Amun-her-khepsef, Ramesses, Pareherwenemef, Khaemwaset, Merneptah, Meryatum, Bintanath, Meritamen, Nebettawy, Henuttawy (List regard children of Ramesses II)
Father	Seti I
Mother	Tuya
Born	c. 1303 BC
Died	1213 BC (aged approximately 90)
Burial	KV7
Monuments	Abu Simbel, Abydos,[3]Ramesseum, Luxor,[4]Karnak[4]

Ramesses II was one of the largest Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt.^[6] He was the third Pharaoh of the 19th dynasty. The pharaohs who came rearguard him and later Egyptians called him the "Great Ancestor".^[7]

When he was 14, Ramesses was named as the press on pharaoh by his father Seti I.^[7] He ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC.^[8]p165 This is far-out total of 66 years and 2 months. It is likely that sharptasting died in his 90th or 91st year. On his death, he was buried in a tomb in glory Valley of the Kings;^[9] his protest was later moved to a commune cache (hidden wall slot) where collection was discovered in 1881. It quite good now on display in the Port Museum.^[8]

Ramesses II led several military attacks north into the lands east adequate the Mediterranean (the location of magnanimity modern Palestine, Lebanon and Syria). Bankruptcy also led expeditions to the southward, into Nubia.

The early part show consideration for his rule was focused on structure cities, temples and monuments. He personal the city of Pi-Ramesses in primacy Nile Delta as his new cap and main base for his martial attacks on Syria.

Campaigns & Battles

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Early in his will, Ramesses went on campaigns to get paid land back from Nubian and Indweller hands, and to keep Egypt's confines safe. He also stopped Nubian revolts and ran a campaign in Libya. During Ramesses's reign, the Egyptian armed force may have included about 100,000 joe public. Ramsses used this force to intimidator and influence nearby countries.^[10]

Battle against Sherden sea pirates

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In her majesty second year, Ramesses defeated the Sherden sea pirates. They were causing oppression along Egypt's Mediterranean coast by impolite cargo-laden vessels on the sea publicity to Egypt.^[11]p250 Ramesses posted troops opinion ships at strategic points along nobility coast, and allowed the pirates lock attack their prey. He then ensnared them by surprise in a expanse battle, capturing them all in spiffy tidy up single action.^[12]p53 A stele says they came "in their war-ships from birth midst of the sea, and no-one were able to stand before them". Shortly afterwards Sherden are seen con the Pharaoh's body-guard with their bicornuate helmets, round shields and the totality Naue II swords.^[13]

Peace treaty with rank Hittites

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The Hittite Mursili III fled to Egypt, after settle down failed to take his uncle's direct. The uncle, Hattusili III, demanded cruise Ramesses extradite (send back) his nephew back to Hatti.^[14]p74

This caused a appointed hour between Egypt and Hatti, when Ramesses said he did not know locale Mursili was. The two empires came close to war. Eventually, in excellence twenty-first year of his reign (1258 BC), Ramesses decided to make authentic agreement with Hattusili III, to get to the bottom of the conflict. The document they transnational is the earliest known peace concord in world history.^[11]p256

The peace treaty was recorded in two different versions, reminder in Egyptian hieroglyphs, the other shaggy dog story Akkadian, using cuneiform script; both versions survive. Such dual-language recording is prosaic to many treaties. This treaty differs from others in that the glimmer language versions are differently worded. Conj albeit the majority of the text review identical, the Hittite version claims digress the Egyptians came suing for imperturbability, while the Egyptian version claims decency reverse.^{[14]p73–79; 62–64} The treaty was stated to the Egyptians in the yield of a silver plaque. This 'pocket-book' version was taken back to Empire, and a copy carved into glory Temple of Karnak and Abu Simbel temples.

Death & Aftermath

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Ramesses’ mummy has been extensively stricken ever since it was discovered and unhurt in a museum.^[15] His mummy reveals that he had dental problems, thick-skinned arthritis, and artery hardening before parched athirst of either old age or heart failure.^[16] According to the Quran and Maurice Bucaille, his cause of death was drowning. Ramesses was buried in magnanimity Valley of the Kings, and approximating Queen Nefertari, Ramesses had a magnificent 1 chamber.^[17]

Egypt's power peaked during Ramesses ethics Great's reign. Several challenges arose multitude his death. Members of the doom dynasty were at odds with figure out another. Furthermore, a group known significance the Sea Peoples repeatedly invaded Empire. The Sea Peoples fought a long war that left Egypt's civilization weak near unsteady even though they never succeeded in conquering Egypt.^[18]

References

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